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Fluorspar is a common raw material and their chemical formula Caf2. It is used at iron making and steel making facilities. Although it is a powerful fluxing agent, its benefits are to be weighed against healthy and environment concerns. Fluorspar is one of the nonmetallic minerals. Its usefulness in the metallurgic, ceramic, and chemical industries, especially in the manufacture of open-hearth steel, enameled ware, and hydrofluoric acid.
The uses of fluorspar depend on its chemical composition, fluxing propertie
, and phosphorescence when heated and on it’s optical and gem like
properties. Its preparation involves separation from other minerals with
which it is associated, the treatment including such processes as hand-sorting, crushing, washing, screening, jigging, and flotation,
depending on the nature of the ore and the extent to which concentration is
practicable.
Fluorspar is useful in smelting iron ores it is harmful to zinc, and the
sulphur in the sphalerite can not be permitted in the iron and steel
furnaces, therefore zinc-fluorspar concentrates are of little value unless
the fluorite and sphalerite can be cleanly separated.
The three principal industries in which fluorspar is utilized are, in order
of importance,
METALLURGIC WORK, (CAF2 75% TO CAF2 90% ARE USED IN THE METALLURGIC INDUSTRIES).
MANUFACTURE OF OPALESCENT GLASS AND SANITARY AND ENAMELED WARE. (CAF2 90% TO 95%).
CHEMICAL MANUFACTURE. (CAF2 95% TO 97%).
Magnesite is used as a refractory material, a catalyst and filler in the production of synthetic rubber, and a material in the preparation of magnesium chemicals and fertilizers.
Dolomite is a type of limestone. It is rich in magnesium and calcium carbonate. It also has smaller amounts of several other minerals. People take dolomite as a calcium and magnesium supplement.
The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in color from dark grey, bright yellow, or deep purple to rusty red. The iron is usually found in the form of magnetite (Fe3O4, 72.4% Fe), hematite (Fe2O3, 69.9% Fe), goethite (FeO(OH), 62.9% Fe), limonite (FeO(OH)·n(H2O), 55% Fe) or siderite (FeCO3, 48.2% Fe).Ores containing very high quantities of hematite or magnetite (greater than about 60% iron) are known as "natural ore" or "direct shipping ore", meaning they can be fed directly into iron-making blast furnaces. Iron ore is the raw material used to make pig iron, which is one of the main raw materials to make steel—98% of the mined iron ore is used to make steel.
Bauxite is a sedimentary rock with a relatively high aluminium content. It is the world's main source of aluminium and gallium. Bauxite consists mostly of the aluminium minerals gibbsite (Al(OH)3), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)) and diaspore (α-AlO(OH)), mixed with the two iron oxides goethite (FeO(OH)) and haematite (Fe2O3), the aluminium clay mineral kaolinite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4) and small amounts of anatase (TiO2) and ilmenite (FeTiO3 or FeO.TiO2).Bauxite appears dull in luster and is reddish-brown, white, or tan in color.
Chromite is a crystalline mineral composed primarily of iron(II) oxide and chromium(III) oxide compounds. It can be represented by the chemical formula of FeCr2O4. It is an oxide mineral belonging to the spinel group. The element magnesium can substitute for iron in variable amounts as it forms a solid solution with magnesiochromite (MgCr2O4).A substitution of the element aluminium can also occur, leading to hercynite (FeAl2O4).Chromite today is mined particularly to make stainless steel through the production of ferrochrome (FeCr), which is an iron-chromium alloy
